HomeSpecial education 0312 236 15 40

Injury-Deviation

injury; individual's psychological, physiological, a temporary or permanent loss of anatomical features, a state of being a structural or functioning disorder (Ozsoy, 2000).

Deflection, the presence of significant differences in the characteristics of individuals without injury. Example •Arm, he, absence of legs or feet, mental retardation etc.. situations are injuries.

apology-obstacle, Inadequacy is a social problem rather than an individual problem..

Insufficiency

Insufficiency; the prevention of an activity or production that is considered normal for a human being as a result of injury or some deviation, is the limitation. The impact of disability on individuals can vary.. Type of disability, degree, The effect of their condition, such as whether it is temporary or permanent, on individuals varies. (Ozsoy, 2000).

Disability-Disability The situation that individuals cannot fulfill the roles they should fulfill throughout their lives due to inadequacy is called disability-disability.. The demands of the disability-disabled social environment from the individual, Although it is an individual problem because it arises as a result of expectations, it is a social problem.

also happens. In particular, the factors are effective in the inability to come across as a disability-disability or in the effect of the disability and disability on the life of the individual..

Special Education Personnel specially trained for the education of children with special needs, called training programs. Educational studies carried out in educational environments suitable for the characteristics of children in need of special education are called special education.. Ozsoy (2000) special education; individuals' academic, communication, Significant shortcomings in the areas of movement and harmony, prevention of faulty situations, It is defined as the regulation of educational variables related to the reduction or elimination of. For example, conditions that are well below normal dimensions such as dwarfism or above normal dimensions such as giantism are considered deviations.. Example; Lack of legs and inability to perform walking behavior is an inadequacy.. Likewise, inability to hear due to various problems in the ears, inability to see due to problems with the eyes, The inability to speak due to language-related problems is a disability..

special education, Individuals in need of special education can adapt to the society by using their current potential in the best way and live their own lives independently in the social and physical environment of the individuals.

aims to help them maintain. Ataman (2005) whereas; offered to children with special needs and different from the majority, those who have superior features, enable them to maximize their capacities in line with their abilities., preventing disability from turning into an obstacle, by making the disabled person self-sufficient, integrating into society and independent, defines it as education that equips them with skills that will support them to be productive individuals..

Children in Need of Special Education; Children who differ significantly from their peers at the expected level are called children in need of special education.. Although these children differ from children with normal development in terms of certain characteristics, they also need special education services..

fusion; 573 Decree Law No.fusion in; It is defined as educational environments developed to enable individuals with special education needs to interact with other individuals and to achieve their educational goals at the highest level.. In fusion, It is possible for children with special needs to be educated with peer groups in normal classrooms with special education support and equipment..

Although the characteristics of individuals in need of special education are similar in some respects, they are generally very different., type of training to be provided, It is also of a nature that will necessitate change in terms of its content and method.. Educational processes that are planned to be carried out based on individual differences, even in normal individuals., In the field of special education, it has to take into account the characteristics of individuals more specifically.. In addition, helping the individuals in need of special education to live independently and in harmony with the society they live in by using their current potential at the highest level is a situation that special education aims in general..

The General Directorate of Special Education and Guidance Counseling Services of the Ministry of National Education stated the purpose of special education as follows:: special education; In line with the general purpose and basic principles of Turkish National Education, individuals who need special education; performing their roles in society, establishing good relations with others, able to work collaboratively, able to adapt to its environment, grow up as productive and happy citizens., develop basic life skills to become self-sufficient, special method with appropriate training programs, their interest in using personnel and equipment, needs, abilities and competencies, It eliminates the inequalities of opportunity and opportunity between individuals due to individual differences to a certain extent..

special education; children with special educational needs, The realization of education in line with the general principles determined in the education system and the integration of individuals in need of special education with the society as a job and profession as a result of these trainings should include the individual in the society as a part of social development..

It is also aimed in the special education process that individuals in need of special education gain daily life skills and be independent in terms of self-care at a level that can meet their own needs..

To approach the problematic behaviors of individuals in need of special education by using the innovations and approaches brought by the age and science, It is aimed in the special education process to eliminate or minimize the problems if possible..

The right to education, which is one of the most fundamental rights of every individual, is the most basic and natural right among individuals in need of special education.. However, with the acquisition of this right, it is necessary to eliminate the problems that may occur in the education processes., Taking precautions or correcting is also one of the aims of special education..

in special education, There are some principles that guide the special education services to reach the determined goals by advancing at the desired level and quality.. In order to achieve the desired goals in their applications, special education principles should be guided.. Basic principles related to special education in line with the general principles regulating Turkish National Education 573 Decree on Special Education No. (KHK)It is located in:

• All individuals requiring special education, request, benefit from special education services in line with their qualifications and abilities..
• It is essential to start special education early. Early recognition of an individual's disability, early diagnosis and early initiation of education, It is one of the important issues that affect the development of the individual positively..
• Special education services are planned and carried out without separating individuals who need special education from their social and physical environments as much as possible..
• Considering the educational performance of individuals who need special education, the aim is to, Priority is given to educating them together with other individuals by making adaptations in the content and teaching processes..
• Collaboration is made with institutions and organizations by providing all kinds of rehabilitation for the uninterrupted continuation of the education of individuals in need of special education at all types and levels..
• It is essential to develop an individual education plan for individuals who need special education and to implement the education programs individually.. This principle, It envisages that special education should be planned and carried out based on the needs of the individual., For this purpose, it is essential to make an individualized education plan for each individual and to implement framework programs..

• It is essential to ensure the active participation of families in all aspects of the special education process.. This principle, Emphasizes the role of families in the education of individuals with special needs and considers it necessary to ensure their active participation.. In this framework, families are included in the diagnosis., will participate and have a say in every stage of education.
• In the development of special education policies, the opinions of the organizations of the individuals who need special education are given importance.. As a reflection of the increasing trend of the role of voluntary organizations in education in contemporary countries, the participation of relevant voluntary organizations is ensured in the development of special education policies..
• Special education services, It is planned to include individuals who need special education, interaction with the society and the process of mutual adaptation.. This principle, It envisages planning the school and out-of-school education of individuals who need special education in an integrated manner.. In addition, the adaptation of the individuals in question to the society and the development of the skills of the society to live with them. (mutual harmony) adopts the approach.

Special education; Specially trained personnel to meet the educational and social needs of these individuals , developed training programs and methods based on their individual competencies., It is education that is carried out in environments suitable for developmental characteristics..

Individual Education; Offered to special needs and gifted children; prepared specifically for the individual in line with his/her limitations and developmental characteristics. , not to turn inadequacies into obstacles, to bring the disabled person self-sufficient rights, It is an education that enables independent living and integration into society.. For gifted individuals; It is a training that helps them use their existing capacities and helps them to maximize their capacity..

Individual Education Plan; It is a plan specially prepared for individuals with special educational needs.. Limitations of the individual under this plan, determining the requirements, It is a program used to gain the skills needed. In addition, the IEP prepared by the teacher is an education program in which the family determines the skills needed for their child and is approved by the family before the application..

congenital or acquired, resulting from various injuries and accidents., the body's sensory, functional, is the set of conditions that affect mental and spiritual integrity. The body is a whole in every way. It is seen that this situation creates obstacles to the individual in many different and different ways.. Every individual who is included in the disabled group indirectly encounters obstacles in the social dimension.. This is by weight, It stands out predominantly in communities where the mechanism of obtaining wounds from social acceptance and functionality does not work.. It should be noted that; Every person with a disability can take active roles in society., This is only possible with early intervention and education..

AWARENESS OF THE SELF

This is the usual method (looking and thinking) Rather, it is gained through physical senses and movement experiences that enable people to focus their attention on the body through touch..

BE AWARE OF OTHERS

Next step, learning to act and interact in a way that promotes positive relationships and confidence building with others. They are encouraged to explore their creativity while experiencing physical contact with other people.